A road/highway tunnel is a key component of transportation, which serves many purposes such as human and freight transportation, motor vehicles, subways, railways, electricity, water, etc. In addition to technological advances in the world, for solutions that aim to meet the increasing vehicle load, the safety of life and property of road tunnels with a high-risk threshold due to their nature has become even more important. The biggest disaster factor that poses a risk in terms of road tunnel safety is fire. In recent years, some catastrophic fires in road tunnels have attracted the attention of engineers toward the assessment of tunnels' structural behavior in a fire. Partial/total collapse of the tunnel, especially during a fire, is the most important and possible damage situation to be considered in the risk assessment. Detection of the fire effect as soon as possible and with the right convergence, and the correct management of the smoke evacuation units are important for the analysis of the risk. Tunnel fire modeling is a challenging task. Additionally, it is difficult to adequately predict a fire because of all the common challenges that arise during modeling. Besides combustion, the fluid dynamics of fire, smoke, and fluid-solid interactions (i.e. heat transfer and flame spread), ventilation in tunnels, and the uncertain and complex nature of the vehicles make this situation even more complicated. In this study, current modeling techniques on the fire safety of road tunnels were examined. ORCID NO: 0000-0002-6383-1376
Anahtar Kelimeler: Fire Safety, Road/Highway Tunnels, Modeling Techniques, Risk Assessment
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